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Compare Bahrain (2006) - Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003)
Compare Bahrain (2006) z Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003)
| Bahrain (2006) | Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003) | |
 |  Islands-2003-bmala.jpg) | |
| Administrative divisions | 5 governorates; Asamah, Janubiyah, Muharraq, Shamaliyah, Wasat
note: each governorate administered by an appointed governor |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 27.4% (male 96,567/female 94,650)
15-64 years: 69.1% (male 280,272/female 202,451) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 12,753/female 11,892) (2006 est.) |
0-14 years: NA%
15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA% (2003 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish | vegetables, bananas, pawpaws, coconuts |
| Airports | 3 (2006) | 1 (2002) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 3
over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006) |
total: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002) |
| Area | total: 665 sq km
land: 665 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 14 sq km
land: 14 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of West Island and Home Island |
| Area - comparative | 3.5 times the size of Washington, DC | about 24 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | In 1782, the Al Khalifa family captured Bahrain from the Persians. In order to secure these holdings, it entered into a series of treaties with the UK during the 19th century that made Bahrain a British protectorate. The archipelago attained its independence in 1971. Bahrain's small size and central location among Persian Gulf countries require it to play a delicate balancing act in foreign affairs among its larger neighbors. Facing declining oil reserves, Bahrain has turned to petroleum processing and refining and has transformed itself into an international banking center. Sheikh HAMAD bin Isa Al Khalifa, who came to power in 1999, has pushed economic and political reforms and has worked to improve relations with the Shia community. In February 2001, Bahraini voters approved a referendum on the National Action Charter - the centerpiece of Sheikh HAMAD's political liberalization program. In February 2002, Sheikh HAMAD pronounced Bahrain a constitutional monarchy and changed his status from amir to king. In October 2002, Bahrainis elected members of the lower house of Bahrain's reconstituted bicameral legislature, the National Assembly. | There are 27 coral islands in the group. Captain William Keeling discovered the islands in 1609, but they remained uninhabited until the 19th century. Annexed by the UK in 1857, they were transferred to the Australian Government in 1955. The population on the two inhabited islands generally is split between the ethnic Europeans on West Island and the ethnic Malays on Home Island. |
| Birth rate | 17.8 births/1,000 population (2006 est.) | NA births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $4.662 billion
expenditures: $3.447 billion; including capital expenditures of $700 million (2005 est.) |
revenues: $NA
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA |
| Capital | name: Manama
geographic coordinates: 26 13 N, 50 35 E time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) |
West Island |
| Climate | arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers | tropical with high humidity, moderated by the southeast trade winds for about nine months of the year |
| Coastline | 161 km | 26 km |
| Constitution | new constitution 14 February 2002 | Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act of 1955 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Kingdom of Bahrain
conventional short form: Bahrain local long form: Mamlakat al Bahrayn local short form: Al Bahrayn former: Dilmun |
conventional long form: Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
conventional short form: Cocos (Keeling) Islands |
| Currency | - | Australian dollar (AUD) |
| Death rate | 4.14 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Debt - external | $6.814 billion (2005 est.) | $NA |
| Dependency status | - | territory of Australia; administered from Canberra by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission: Ambassador William T. MONROE
embassy: Building #979, Road 3119 (next to Al-Ahli Sports Club), Block 331, Zinj District, Manama mailing address: American Embassy Manama, PSC 451, FPO AE 09834-5100; international mail: American Embassy, Box 26431, Manama telephone: [973] 1724-2700 FAX: [973] 1727-0547 |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission: Ambassador Nasir bin Muhammad al-BALUSHI
chancery: 3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 342-1111 FAX: [1] (202) 362-2192 consulate(s) general: New York |
none (territory of Australia) |
| Disputes - international | none | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $150 million; note - $50 million annually since 1992 from the UAE and Kuwait (2002) | $NA |
| Economy - overview | Petroleum production and refining account for about 60% of Bahrain's export receipts, 60% of government revenues, and 30% of GDP. With its highly developed communication and transport facilities, Bahrain is home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. A large share of exports consists of petroleum products made from refining imported crude. Construction proceeds on several major industrial projects. Unemployment, especially among the young, and the depletion of oil and underground water resources are major long-term economic problems. In 2005 Bahrain and the US ratified a Free Trade Agreement (FTA), the first FTA between the US and a Gulf state. | Grown throughout the islands, coconuts are the sole cash crop. Small local gardens and fishing contribute to the food supply, but additional food and most other necessities must be imported from Australia. There is a small tourist industry. |
| Electricity - consumption | 6.83 billion kWh (2003) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2003) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2003) | - |
| Electricity - production | 7.345 billion kWh (2003) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point: Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m |
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; lack of freshwater resources, groundwater and seawater are the only sources for all water needs | fresh water resources are limited to rainwater accumulations in natural underground reservoirs |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Bahraini 62.4%, non-Bahraini 37.6% (2001 census) | Europeans, Cocos Malays |
| Exchange rates | Bahraini dinars per US dollar - 0.376 (2005), 0.376 (2004), 0.376 (2003), 0.376 (2002), 0.376 (2001) | Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: King HAMAD bin Isa al-Khalifa (since 6 March 1999); Heir Apparent Crown Prince SALMAN bin Hamad (son of the monarch, born 21 October 1969)
head of government: Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman al-Khalifa (since 1971); Deputy Prime Ministers ALI bin Khalifa bin Salman al-Khalifa, MUHAMMAD bin Mubarak al-Khalifa, Jawad al-ARAIDH cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the monarch elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general
head of government: Administrator (nonresident) William Leonard TAYLOR (since 4 February 1999) cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia |
| Exports | NA bbl/day | $NA |
| Exports - commodities | petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles | copra |
| Exports - partners | Saudi Arabia 3.3%, US 2.6%, UAE 2.3% (2005) | Australia (1999) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 July - 30 June |
| Flag description | red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states, with a white serrated band (five white points) on the hoist side; the five points represent the five pillars of Islam | the flag of Australia is used |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: 0.5%
industry: 38.7% services: 60.8% (2005 est.) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $NA |
| GDP - real growth rate | 5.9% (2005 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 26 00 N, 50 33 E | 12 30 S, 96 50 E |
| Geography - note | close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf, through which much of the Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean | islands are thickly covered with coconut palms and other vegetation |
| Heliports | 1 (2006) | - |
| Highways | - | total: 15 km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km (2003) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA bbl/day | $NA |
| Imports - commodities | crude oil, machinery, chemicals | foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | Saudi Arabia 36.4%, Japan 6.6%, Germany 6.4%, US 5.4%, UK 5%, UAE 4.1% (2005) | Australia (1999) |
| Independence | 15 August 1971 (from UK) | none (territory of Australia) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 2% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Industries | petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, offshore banking, ship repairing, tourism | copra products and tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 16.8 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 19.65 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.) |
total: NA%
male: NA% female: NA% |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 2.7% (2005 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-77, GCC, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICFTU, ICRM, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO | none |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 40 sq km (2003) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | High Civil Appeals Court | Supreme Court; Magistrate's Court |
| Labor force | 380,000
note: 44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2005 est.) |
NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 1%
industry: 79% services: 20% (1997 est.) |
the Cocos Islands Cooperative Society Ltd. employs construction workers, stevedores, and lighterage workers; tourism employs others |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 2.82%
permanent crops: 5.63% other: 91.55% (2005) |
arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Arabic, English, Farsi, Urdu | Malay (Cocos dialect), English |
| Legal system | based on Islamic law and English common law | based upon the laws of Australia and local laws |
| Legislative branch | bicameral Parliament consists of Shura Council (40 members appointed by the King) and House of Deputies (40 members directly elected to serve four-year terms)
elections: House of Deputies - last held 31 October 2002 (next election to be held in September 2006) election results: House of Deputies - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - Sunni Islamists 12, Shia grouping 7, other groupings and independents 21 note: first elections since 7 December 1973; unicameral National Assembly dissolved 26 August 1975; National Action Charter created bicameral legislature on 23 December 2000; approved by referendum 14 February 2001; first legislative session of Parliament held on 25 December 2002 |
unicameral Cocos (Keeling) Islands Shire Council (7 seats) |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 74.45 years
male: 71.97 years female: 77 years (2006 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2003 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 89.1% male: 91.9% female: 85% (2003 est.) |
- |
| Location | Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia | Southeastern Asia, group of islands in the Indian Ocean, southwest of Indonesia, about halfway from Australia to Sri Lanka |
| Map references | Middle East | Southeast Asia |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm continental shelf: extending to boundaries to be determined |
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | total: 8 ships (1000 GRT or over) 235,449 GRT/339,728 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 4, cargo 1, container 2, petroleum tanker 1 foreign-owned: 3 (Kuwait 3) (2006) |
none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of Australia; the territory does have a five-person police force |
| Military branches | Bahrain Defense Forces (BDF): Ground Force (includes Air Defense), Navy, Air Force, National Guard | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $627.7 million (2005 est.) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 4.9% (2005 est.) | - |
| National holiday | National Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 is the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 is the date of independence from British protection | NA |
| Nationality | noun: Bahraini(s)
adjective: Bahraini |
noun: Cocos Islander(s)
adjective: Cocos Islander |
| Natural hazards | periodic droughts; dust storms | cyclone season is October to April |
| Natural resources | oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish, pearls | fish |
| Net migration rate | 0.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
| Pipelines | gas 20 km; oil 52 km (2006) | - |
| Political parties and leaders | political parties prohibited but political societies were legalized per a July 2005 law | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | Shi'a activists fomented unrest sporadically in 1994-97 and have recently engaged in protests and marches, demanding that more power be vested in the elected Council of Representatives and that the government do more to decrease unemployment; several small, clandestine leftist and Islamic fundamentalist groups are active | none |
| Population | 698,585
note: includes 235,108 non-nationals (July 2006 est.) |
630 (July 2003 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 1.45% (2006 est.) | 0% (2003 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | none; lagoon anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0 (2000) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | Muslim (Shi'a and Sunni) 81.2%, Christian 9%, other 9.8% (2001 census) | Sunni Muslim 80%, other 20% (2002 est.) |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.38 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.07 male(s)/female total population: 1.26 male(s)/female (2006 est.) |
- |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | NA |
| Telephone system | general assessment: modern system
domestic: modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile cellular telephones international: country code - 973; tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; submarine cable to Qatar, UAE, and Saudi Arabia; satellite earth stations - 1 (1997) |
general assessment: connected within Australia's telecommunication system
domestic: NA international: telephone, telex, and facsimile communications with Australia and elsewhere via satellite; 1 satellite earth station of NA type (2002) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 196,500 (2005) | 287 (1992) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 748,700 (2005) | NA |
| Television broadcast stations | 4 (1997) | NA |
| Terrain | mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment | flat, low-lying coral atolls |
| Total fertility rate | 2.6 children born/woman (2006 est.) | NA children born/woman (2003 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 15% (2005 est.) | 60% (2000 est.) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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